Splitting firewood correctly

Basic information on firewood

In general, felled wood should be processed as quickly as possible. The longer it dries, the harder it becomes and the more difficult it is to split.

For the size of the logs, 33 centimeters is the usual measurement. In other words, a third of a meter piece. For clean burning in the fireplace, smaller sizes are better than larger ones. If you can grasp a log with both hands, it has an optimum circumference.

Use a chopping block

Splitting wood can be an enjoyable and satisfying but also strenuous task. To make it as safe and back-friendly as possible, a knee-high chopping block should always be used as a base.

It protects the tool when hammering and is easy on the back.

A chopping block height at knee height has proven to be effective and ensures that the splitting axe hits the log at maximum speed.

The diameter of the chopping block should not be less than 40 cm.

Holzklotz zum Brennholz spalten

The right stroke technique

To begin with, the piece of wood to be split is placed upright on the chopping block; it should stand securely and not wobble.

Your own stance is also important. Stand about shoulder-width apart and hold the axe with both hands so that you have enough momentum above your head to make the right stroke. Depending on whether you are left-handed or right-handed, grip the handle end with your strong hand and the other hand underneath the axe head to ensure a straight line of movement.

The easiest way to split wood is to guide the axe parallel to the wood fibers. As a guide, you can use the small fiber cracks that are often visible on the log. At this point – the so-called main crack – the wood can be split particularly well.

If the axe gets stuck in the wood, it can be loosened again by moving it back and forth. Do not lever the axe sideways, as this can loosen the connection between the head and handle.

The splitting axe

To minimize the effort required, special splitting axes should be used for splitting wood. Thanks to their wedge-shaped blade, they are ideal for splitting wood in the direction of the grain.

The sharp cutting edge penetrates the wood easily and the wedge-shaped, widening form of the blade pushes the wood apart.

Ideally, the splitting axes are equipped with a leather handle guard, which protects the tool in the event of mis-hits and thus increases its service life. A leather edge guard also prevents wear on the sharp blade during transportation. The axe head should be oiled for longer storage to protect it from rust. If the cutting edge does become blunt, it can usually be sharpened by resharpening.

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Splitting wedges

Some logs or types of wood are so knotty or hardened that even a splitting axe reaches its limits. The only solution here is to use a splitting wedge and splitting hammer. Splitting wedges come in different shapes, sizes and designs. The wedge surfaces are scaled on the sides or also provided with grooves and ridges to achieve a better effect – like the splitting axe. Rotary splitting wedges are a special type of wedge that transmit the force of the impact even more effectively into the wood due to their twisting and significantly increase their splitting effect due to the wider wedge angle. Splitting wedges are usually driven in with a special splitting hammer. Hitting steel on steel can lead to splintering of parts and poses a great risk. Our “Safety” version of splitting hammers and splitting wedges is ideal for this, as they are protected by a hard rubber head.

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Safety instructions for splitting wood

As with all forestry work, safety comes first when splitting wood.

Therefore, always wear suitable protective clothing, safety goggles for the eyes, non-slip safety gloves and shoes with steel toecaps.

Before starting work, ensure that you are at a safe distance from other people or objects. Always take a look at your tool to check it before splitting. It is important that the axe head is always firmly attached to the handle. If the head is loose, it must be replaced or tightened.

Stacking firewood and storing it correctly

Stacking and storing firewood correctly is crucial for efficient firewood use.

Damp firewood burns poorly, generates less heat and produces more smoke and soot. The chimney and the stove become sooty and suffer irreversible damage if excessively damp wood is burned continuously. The risk of chimney fires also increases.

Proper storage ensures that the wood dries and achieves its optimum heating performance.

How to stack firewood correctly:

  1. Choose a location: Store firewood in a well-ventilated place. A covered shelter protects against rain and snow. The greatest drying effect is achieved by the wind or good ventilation.
  2. Use a carpet pad: Do not allow direct contact with the ground. Use pallets as a base to improve air circulation and avoid contact moisture from the soil.
  3. Stacking technique: Stack the wood in a stable and air-permeable manner. The stacking method and the height of the stacking naturally depends on the local conditions, for example whether there are side walls. If the wood is well ventilated from the front and rear, three or four rows of firewood can be stacked without any problems.
  4. Cover: Only cover the firewood from above to protect it from precipitation, make sure you leave the sides open for good ventilation.

Tips on storage time:

  • The storage time essentially depends on the ventilation and the diameter of the logs. Smaller logs dry faster than thicker logs. However, the type of wood also affects the drying time. Hardwood requires slightly longer drying times than the less dense softwood.
  • If stored properly, the wood should have a moisture content of less than 20% after approx. 300 days. This is then a very good value for combustion.

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